The Global Human Capital Journal

Process Excellence Can Inject New Vitality into Ailing Manufacturers

Picture this: you are the CEO of a venerable manufacturer that has been besieged by price pressure, increased imports and high capital costs. Revenue has been barely edging up, and profits have been negative three of the last five years. You have had to lay off a significant portion of manufacturing personnel, many of whom had been with you more than a generation. Your ship is still taking on water despite best efforts, and you do not know where to turn.

This was precisely the situation of several U.S. firms that took the unusual route of selling themselves to Indian firms that turned the companies around very quickly by applying sophisticated process and management expertise. In many cases, local employment increased because the companies became much more competitive. Here are two examples:

New Global Economic Architecture Presages Economic Realignment—Thinking Beyond the Obvious to Tap Emerging Opportunities

Illinois leaders were addressed by His Excellency Shri Kamal Nath, Minister of Commerce and Industry, Republic of India. True to form, His Excellency struck chords of transformation, partnership, common interests and harmony at the lunch held in his honor at the University Club on 19 February 2008. Attending were Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley, Mr. Rajinder Bedi, Managing Director of the Illinois Office of Trade and Investment, The Honorable Susan Schwab, U.S. Trade Representative, Craig S. Donohue, Chief Executive Officer, CME Group and John Estey, President & Chief Executive Officer, SC Electric Company.

Reading between the lines, the U.S. and India stand at a significant turning point: India's impressive economic growth is a significant element of the ongoing redistribution of global economic power—which holds excellent opportunities for U.S. businesses and workers that are looking for it.

The automobile is a personal manifestation of the ultimate promise of the Industrial Economy—that physical power is essentially free—because it enables people to move quickly and easily. People just love cars because it is immensely satisfying to glide effortlessly (traffic notwithstanding ,^) from one place to another with a high degree of individual freedom.

However, as 2007 draws to a close, autos' current reliance on fossil fuels makes it increasingly obvious that we need to change the rules. First, new wealth in emerging markets is dramatically increasing auto ownership and its concomitant demand for oil. Increased demand and uncertain supply will undoubtedly prove unsustainable in the medium term. Second, and even more daunting, is the carbon/climate change problem, which is far more life-changing in the long term. Petroleum and coal are the largest contributors to man-made carbon emissions.

Since every challenge also means opportunity, entrepreneurs are busy with an increasing sense of urgency, trying to solve the problem. Here are two examples that I found particularly interesting:

IBM's CEO Articulates Prescient Vision for the Enterprise—Adapting to the Knowledge Economy

Samuel J. Palmisano, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of IBM Corporation, outlined a new version of the enterprise at a lunch honoring him with the Executives' Club of Chicago's Thirteenth Annual International Executive of the Year Award April 12, 2007 at the Chicago Hilton. Entitled “Leadership, Trust and the Globally Integrated Enterprise,” his speech emphasized key points from his Summer 2006 article of the same name in Foreign Affairs. He was especially interesting to hear due to his experience with leading one of the world's foremost global enterprises as well as his insight from serving global enterprises in every industry.

Yesterday's model for the global enterprise, the multinational corporation (MNC), looks increasingly outdated due to widespread adoption of standards-based technology, increasingly standardized work processes and a liberalizing regulatory environment. Today, knowledge-based resources are available globally, and the enterprise's means to create value is choosing how and where to tap the resources to best execute business processes. Moreover, the shift to the globally integrated enterprise means a profound culture shift and outlook, which we will address here.

In addition, although Palmisano didn't reference IBM's visionary Component Business Modeling (CBM) in either his presentation or article, I clearly heard it in the background. Transitioning to the globally integrated enterprise model requires a completely new way of thinking about business structures and operations. I will illustrate this through brief comments about Component Business Modeling as well as Transourcing, an approach I developed in 2006.

Visions for Technology Leadership

After Gary Forsee's luncheon address, a diverse panel of executives took the stage to discuss global technology leadership. Hardik Bhatt, CIO of the City of Chicago, Steve Goldman, Director of Architecture, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Raymond Spencer, CEO of Kanbay International, and David Weick, Global CIO of McDonald's, shared their visions for Chicago's global role in the world. Janet Kennedy, Midwest General Manager of Microsoft, gracefully moderated the panel discussion. The Executives' Club of Chicago's quarterly Technology Conference took place March 8 at the Chicago Hilton.

"Getting global" can mean many things, and panelists hit the issue from many directions. I'll venture that, more than anything, it means changing one's mindset, focus and approach, all of which are difficult to measure. All panelists represented organizations that had had international operations for decades, so how is global different?

Meeting Customer Empowerment with Transformation

Michael L. Eskew, Chairman and CEO of UPS, outlined the package delivery giant's vision for transforming itself into a "one-to-one" business at the Executives' Club of Chicago's Enterprise CEO Lunch, 15 February 2007. Before a packed house at the Chicago Hilton, he demonstrated UPS's creative "whiteboard" marketing campaign and explained its role in communicating to customers the value of the company's transformation.

The importance of UPS's vision extends beyond UPS stakeholders because it reflects a shift in emphasis away from industrial efficiency to knowledge-based innovation. Make no mistake, efficiency is mission-critical to every business, but fewer companies can differentiate based on efficiency. To its considerable credit, UPS sees the shift and is striving to empower customers with information as well as delivery services.

What does the Knowledge Economy Portend for the Industrial Economy organization?

Today, most of the world's global commercial and governmental organizations increasingly find themselves confronted by the Knowledge Economy's new success factors, which are often contrary to the Industrial Economy's. Compounding the challenge, past competitors have had similar structures and limitations to incumbents', which gave everyone more time to adapt to change; however, new Knowledge Economy competitors often do not have the same structures and limitations. Technology and globalization are changing the rules of engagement.

These developments leave industrial companies in an awkward situation. Now, they need to excel at collaborative innovation—historically a weak point—to capture and hold customers' attention. In the Knowledge Economy, innovation will replace efficiency as the primary driver of value creation. Competitors that can engage rapidly shifting customer desires will dominate.

To succeed, incumbents must quickly become more adaptive and collaborative with external partners and customers. Moreover, they must transform themselves while they continue to operate at increasing levels of performance.

Part of the IDC Outsourcing Forum Midwest Report

The Williams Companies is a Fortune 200 energy company that currently distributes 12% of all the natural gas consumed in the United States and is a major employer in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Marcia MacLeod, Vice President of Business Process Outsourcing, and Karen Caldwell, Director for Energy & Utilities at IBM, explained how the company pulled a Houdini in the early 2000s, using outsourcing to survive a near-death experience in which its stock dropped from $48 to less than one dollar. This case reflected outsourcing's potential in dramatic turnaround situations while confronting some outmoded stereotypes about its impact on local employment.